Research chemical sequence
GHK-Cu
GHK-Cu is listed as a research-use-only chemical sequence. Research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Public catalog information is limited to chemical identity, analytical documentation, and external reference records.
Research-use boundary: Research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Public catalog information is limited to chemical identity, analytical documentation, and external reference records.
Public identity
- Publication state
- unpublished
- Sequence
- Gly-His-Lys
- IUPAC name
- (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysinato)copper(II)
- Molecular formula
- C14H22CuN6O5
Available variants
| Size | SKU | Price (USD) | Availability | Representative purity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg | DFP-022 | $0.00 | Out of stock | 99.3% |
Analytical boundary
Representative catalog purity: 99.3%
No active-batch certificate of analysis is currently published.
Purity figures shown here are representative catalog specifications, not lot-specific measurements.
Evidence inventory
- Record state
- reviewed records
- Public records
- 124
- Reviewed summaries
- 13
- Verified citations
- 0
- Human study: 31
- In vivo: 36
- In vitro: 57
- Special category: 0
- Unclassified: 0
These counts describe linked records and review status. They do not establish efficacy, safety, or fitness for any use.
Technical record
- CAS number
- 49557-75-7
- Molecular weight
- 340.4 Da (free sequence), 403.9 Da (Cu complex)
- Sequence class
- peptide complex
- Molecular formula
- C14H22CuN6O5
- Appearance
- Blue to deep blue lyophilized powder.
- Solubility
- Hydrophilic. GHK-Cu is highly soluble in aqueous solutions. Reconstitute in sterile ultrapure water to a desired concentration (e.g., 1-10 mg/mL). The optimal pH range for stability of reconstituted solutions is typically 5.0-7.0. Avoid strong acidic or basic conditions. Store reconstituted solutions at -20°C, protected from light, and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- Mechanism record
- GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper complex of the 3-residue chemical sequence glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine. The Cu(II) coordination enables metalloenzyme cofactor activity and redox signaling. GHK-Cu activates TGF-β/collagen synthesis via integrin binding (α5β1, αvβ3), upregulates SOD and GPx antioxidant enzymes via Nrf2 pathway, and promotes fibroblast-mediated extracellular matrix remodeling. Widely studied for wound healing and skin regeneration.
- Half-life record
- ~12 hours (copper-bound form)
Recorded receptors
- Integrins α5β1/αvβ3
- TGF-β collagen
- SOD/GPx antioxidant
External literature records
- External literature record
- External literature record
Limitations and research boundary
Research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Public catalog information is limited to chemical identity, analytical documentation, and external reference records.
External records are attributed references. Their presence does not convert a source-reported observation into a product claim.