Study type: Human research · Status: Evidence verified by machine against declared source
Studies on citrullinated LL-37: detection in human airways, antibacterial effects and biophysical properties.
Scientific reports · 2020
Study scale: After additional processing as described elsewhere21,25, the cell-free BAL fluid samples were stored at −80 °C until further use.
Abstract only: Open source record
Product or molecular entity relationships
- LL-37: Exact entity relationship. Legacy citation custody associates this source with the catalog record; no product-relevance conclusion is implied.
Public plain-language summary
Some fields are not published, because the text held for them did not answer their heading. The published text is limited to the declared source and preserves reported uncertainty. It does not establish efficacy, safety, suitability, or evidence strength.
Research question
In addition, functional and biophysical properties of citrullinated LL-37 are not fully explored.
Study design
Importantly, in vitro studies have demonstrated that recombinant PAD2 and PAD4 causes different degrees of citrullination for arginine residues in LL-37, which results in a reduced overall peptide charge and abrogation of its LPS neutralizing activity15,19.
Participants or experimental system
Notably, citrullinated LL-37 has not yet been detected in human samples.
Study scale
After additional processing as described elsewhere21,25, the cell-free BAL fluid samples were stored at −80 °C until further use.
Intervention or exposure
BAL fluid was obtained from healthy human volunteers after intra-bronchial exposure to lipopolysaccharide.
Comparator
Not published. The text held for this field did not answer this heading, so nothing is shown here and nothing is substituted for it.
Outcomes examined
(C) Fractions of the BAL fluid extract (F22-F31) were analyzed using the LC-ESI-MS-PRM method.
Key findings
Both peptides had similar α-helical secondary structures but citrullinated LL-37 was more stable at higher temperatures, as shown by circular dichroism.
Limitations and uncertainty
Thus it cannot be excluded that the initial screen revealed additional forms of citrullinated LL-37 that we could not distinguish with the LC-MS/MS analysis, due to analytical constraints.
Product relevance and evidence boundary
This record is a published study, held here with its citation and review status. It is not a statement that any catalog item is effective, safe, or suitable for any use, and nothing in it is a dose or a protocol.
Evidence verified by machine against declared source. Verification is limited to the declared source and review scope. It does not mean independent replication or establish efficacy, safety, or suitability.