Study type: In vivo/preclinical · Verification: Citation verified
Opposing effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on gastric motor function in the dorsal vagal complex and the nucleus raphe obscurus of the rat.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 1997
Study scale: Not reported in the declared source.
Bibliographic details only: Open source record
Product or molecular entity relationships
- VIP: Catalog source association. Legacy citation custody associates this source with the catalog record; no product-relevance conclusion is implied.
No public summary
No plain-language summary is published in this record. Summary availability is separate from its verification. Consult the cited publication when a public link is available.
Limitations and uncertainty
Not reported in the declared source.
Citation verified. The PMID shown was confirmed at PubMed on 2026-08-16, and its study type matched the catalog’s source record. It is held as a citation, not evidence. No tier is an endorsement, an evidence-strength rating, or independent replication, and none establishes efficacy, safety, or suitability.