Study type: In vivo/preclinical · Status: Evidence verified by machine against declared source
Cell-type-specific imaging of neurotransmission reveals a disrupted excitatory-inhibitory cortical network in isoflurane anaesthesia.
EBioMedicine · 2021
Study scale: Colour-shaded areas represent the respective s.e.m. d-g ΔF/F differences in pyramidal (d, n = 26 neurons from 3 mice), PV (e, n = 32 neurons from 5 mice), SOM (f, n = 27 neurons from 4 mice), and VIP (g, n = 82 neurons from 7 mice) neuronal GABA input between the awake state and anaesthetized state.
Abstract only: Open source record
Product or molecular entity relationships
- VIP: Exact entity relationship. Legacy citation custody associates this source with the catalog record; no product-relevance conclusion is implied.
Public plain-language summary
Some fields are not published, because the text held for them did not answer their heading. The published text is limited to the declared source and preserves reported uncertainty. It does not establish efficacy, safety, suitability, or evidence strength.
Research question
Using in vivo two-photon imaging and genetically encoded fluorescent indicators, we systematically investigate the GABA/glutamate/calcium dynamics of the primary visual cortex with cell-type specificity during isoflurane anaesthesia.
Study design
Here, we measured the dynamics of two major cortical neurotransmitters, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, through in vivo two-photon imaging and genetically encoded neurotransmitter sensors in a cell type-specific manner in the primary visual (V1) cortex.
Participants or experimental system
However, the glutamate transmission varies among different cortical cell types, where in it is almost preserved on pyramidal cells and is significantly reduced on inhibitory interneurons.
Study scale
Colour-shaded areas represent the respective s.e.m. d-g ΔF/F differences in pyramidal (d, n = 26 neurons from 3 mice), PV (e, n = 32 neurons from 5 mice), SOM (f, n = 27 neurons from 4 mice), and VIP (g, n = 82 neurons from 7 mice) neuronal GABA input between the awake state and anaesthetized state.
Intervention or exposure
Not published. The text held for this field did not answer this heading, so nothing is shown here and nothing is substituted for it.
Comparator
The intensity of the excitation from a tunable femtosecond laser (Coherent Ultra II) was controlled by a Pockel Cell.
Outcomes examined
Cortical neurotransmission has mainly been measured by ex vivo electrophysiology recording and by in vivo microdialysis.
Key findings
Despite the fundamental clinical significance of general anaesthesia, the cortical mechanism underlying anaesthetic-induced loss of consciousness (aLOC) remains elusive.
Limitations and uncertainty
General anaesthesia is widely applied in clinical practice, yet the cortical mechanisms by which general anaesthetics induce loss of consciousness (aLOC) remains unclear.
Product relevance and evidence boundary
This record is a published study, held here with its citation and review status. It is not a statement that any catalog item is effective, safe, or suitable for any use, and nothing in it is a dose or a protocol.
Evidence verified by machine against declared source. Verification is limited to the declared source and review scope. It does not mean independent replication or establish efficacy, safety, or suitability.